Endochondral Bone Formation with Adult Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
نویسندگان
چکیده
Introduction Adult human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSC) have typically been used to form bone tissue by a process resembling membranous ossification. However, long bones develop through an endochondral process, which consists in the formation of a hypertrophic cartilaginous template and its substitution with bone tissue. To date, endochondral bone tissue has been obtained only with murine Embryonic Stem Cells (ESC). In this study, we aimed at developing an endochondral bone tissue engineering approach by bone marrow-derived, adult hMSC.
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Bone is formed through the processes of endochondral and intramembranous ossification. In endochondral ossification primary mesenchymal cells differentiate to chondrocytes and then are progressively substituted by bone, while in intramembranous ossification mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate directly into osteoblasts to form bone. The steps of osteogenic proliferation, differentiation,...
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